Electrostatic apparatus



Sept. 21 1926. 1,600,842

J. H. PHILIPS ELECTROSTATIC APPARATUS Filed Sept. s. 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet1 Inventor: James H. Philips,

' y HIS Attorneu.

Sept. 21 1926. 1,600,842

J. H. PHILIPS ELECTROSTATIC APPARATUS Filed Sept. 5. 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet2 Fig. 5

Inventor: James H. Philips, @M

HIS Attorney.

Patented Sept- 21, was. UNITED STATES can! nmar 2mm;

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ELECTRIC ooxrm. A CORPORATION 01' new YORK.

WAT: APPARATUS.

Application M leptcnber 5. 1888. serial Io. 001,078.

My present invention relates to apparatus dielectric mafrom that toproduce a operation of storing up energ in a trio and delivering itto anectric circuit may be carried on continuoualy.-

My invention may be employed for a as W111 be at variety of purposesgathered from a consideration of the few general ap ilicationswhich willbe hereinafter 'descri The novel features which I believe to becharacteristic of my invention are set forth with particularity in theappended claims. My invention itself, however, will best be understood breference to the following description ta en in connection with theaccompanying drawing in which Fig. 1 shows diagrammatically an apparatusand circuit connection for transforming direct current from one voltageto another; Fig. 2 is a artial ers tive view of the apparatus t Fig. l;3 shows diagrammatically an apparatus and circuit connection forrectifying alternating current; Fig. 4 shows a further modification; andFig. 5 shows an apparatus and circuit connection for smoothing out smallperiodic fluctuations in a desired current.

In all of the modifications of my invention which I have illustrated, Iprovide a disk of a suitable dielectric which is adapted to be rotatedbetween sets of opposing electrodes located on opposite sides thereof.In Fig. 1, I have shown four such disks 1, 2, 3, and 4, which aremounted on a shaft 5. For each disk two sets of electrodes 6, 6, and 7,7 are provided located diametrically opposite one another. Theelectrodes 7, 7 are connected in parallel to the opposite sides of asupply circuit consisting of conductors 8, 8 to which a source of directcurrent may be connected. The electrodes 6, 6 are connected in serieswith conductors 9, 9 which may su pl current to any consumption device.f esired, n multi-polar arrangement may be employs using two, three ormore sets of primary electrodes and a similar number of sets ofsecondary electrodes with spacing appropriate for the number of setsused.

When the disks 1, 2, 3, and 4 are rotated between electrodes 7, 7 energyfrom the supply circuit is stored u in these disks and-when thoseportions 0 the disks which have passed between electrodes 7, 7 passbetween electrodes 6, 6 the stored-up energy will be dischar to whichthe e ectrodes 6, 6 are connected. By reason of the parallel connectionsof electrodes 7, 7 and the series connection of electrodes 6, 6,however, the voltage ap lied to the circuit of electrodes 6, 6 W15 begreater thanthe voltage of the supply circuit 8, 8. It is also evidentthat the electrodes 6, 6 may be-c0nnected to the sup ly, and theelectrodes 7, 7 to the output 10 t us decreasing-the voltage. If thedisks are retated continuously the transfer of energy from one set ofelectrodes to the other will be continuous, and a continuous flow ofcurrent of substantially constant potential may be produced in theconsumption circuit if desired. 6 I a In the arrangement shown in Fig.3, alternatmg current to be rectified is supplied from distributionmains 11, 11 to a transformer 12, the secondary winding of which isconnected to two sets of electrodes 13, 13 and14, 14. Two tootheddielectric disks 15, 15 are mounted on a shaft 17, which is driven by asynchronous motor 18 sup lied with current from the mains 11, 11. directcurrent consumption circuit 19 is connected to the'electrodes 20, 20 and21, 21, as indicated. The disk 15 is so mounted upon shaft 17 thatenergy from one-half cycle of the alternatin current is stored up indisk 15 and the isk 16 is so arranged that energy from the other halfcycle of the alternating current is stored up therein. The electrodes20, 20 and 21, 21 are oppositely connected to the direct current circuitso that the ener delivered by disks 15 and 16 to that circuit willproduce a direct current flow. The amount of current 1 rectified'will ofcourse depend upon the surface area of the dielectric and of theelectrodes and the amount of rectified current may be increased byincreasing the size of the disks or the number of isks emd ployed ortheir speed and the frequency of alternations. In case additional pairsof disks are employed the different airs may to advantage be slightlystaggers with respect to one another to cause such an overinto thecircuits 9 and 10 I series in a lapping of the waves as will decreasethe fluctuations in the direct current produced.

I have shown in Fig. 4 an arrangement which may be employed for steppingdown the voltage at the same timethat rectification takes place. In thiscase the two sets of electrodes 22, 22 and 23, 23 are connected inseries to the supply mains 24 so that the potential of the suppl mainsis divided between the two sets an the voltage delivered from theelectrodes 20 and 21 to the direct current circuit 19 will be onlyapproximate- 1 half that which would be delivered with the parallelconnections of Fig. 3.

In the system shown in Fig. 5, I have indicated a direct currentgenerator 26 driven by an A C motor 27 for supplying direct current forthe plate circuit of a vacuum tube 28. Difliculty is sometimesexperienced in such cases by reason of small fluctuations in the directcurrent due to commutation. To overcome such disadvantages I provide adisk 29 which rotates between electrodes 30, 30 and 31, 31. This disk ismounted on the shaft 32, which drives the generator 26. The electrodes30, which may have a width of approximately one-half the circular degreeof a commutator segment on the generator, are so arranged that energyfrom the crest of the ripple in the direct currentwill be stored up inthe disk 29 and the electrodes 31 are so located that this energy willbe delivered to the direct current circuit in the trough of the ripple.In this way the fluctuations in the current may be greatly reduced.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates, is

1. In an apparatus of the class described, a pairof stationaryelectrodes, 8. solid dielectric adapted to be rotated between saidelectrodes, a source of potential connected to said electrodes, a secondpair of stationary electrodes between which said dielectric may berotated and a consumption circuit connected to said second pair ofelectrodes.

2. In an apparatus of the class described, a plurality of pairs ofelectrodes connected in parallel to an electric circuit, an e ual numberof pairs of electrodes connecte in second electric circuit and alurality of dielectric bodies each of whicli is adapted to be movedbetween a pair of electro es connected to the first circuit and a pairof electrodes onnected to the second circuit.

In apparatus of the class described, a plurality of pairs of stationaryelectrodes connected in parallel to an electric circuit, an equal numberof pairs of stationary electrodes connected in series in a secondelectric circuit and a plurality of -dielectric bodies each of which isadapted to be moved between a pair of electrodes connected to the firstcircuit, and a pair of electrodes connected to the second circuit.

4. In an apparatus of the class described, a plurality of pairs ofelectrodes connected in parallel to an electric circuit, an e ual numberof pairs of electrodes connected in series in a second electric circuitand a plurality of dielectric bodies each of which is adapted to berotated between a pair of electrodes connected to the first circuit anda pair of electrodes connected to the second circuit.

5. In an apparatus of the class described, a plurality of pairs ofstationary electrodes connected in parallel to an electric circuit, anequal number of pairs of stationary electrodes connected in series in asecond electric circuit and a plurality of dielectric bodies each ofwhich is adapted to be rotated between 8. pair of electrodes connectedto the first circuit, and a pair of electrodes connected to the secondcircuit.

6. In an apparatus of the class described, a pair of separatedelectrodes, a solid dielectric between said electrodes, a source ofpotential connected to said electrodes, a second pair of electrodesseparated by said solid dielectric, a consumption circuit connected tosaid second pair of electrodes and means for producing continuousrelative movement between said dielectric and both pairs of saidelectrodes.

7. The method of transferring electric energy from one circuit toanother which consists in rotating a dielectric in inductive relation toboth circuits.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this'll day of August,1923.

JAMES HERBERT PHILIPS.

